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Introduction: The New Gatekeeper in Tech In the last five years, the landscape of technical interviews has shifted dramatically. LeetCode-style "whiteboarding" of algorithms (think reversing a linked list or finding the nth Fibonacci number) is no longer the sole decider of your fate at top-tier companies like Google, Meta, Amazon, and Uber. A new, more complex gatekeeper has emerged: The Machine Learning System Design Interview. His work, particularly his structured approach to the